In 1992, the U.S. Ecology Protection Agency launched Activity Star, a autonomous labeling affairs that is advised to advance and admit energy-efficiency in monitors, altitude ascendancy equipment, and added technologies. This resulted in the boundless acceptance of beddy-bye approach a part of customer electronics. Concurrently, the Swedish alignment TCO Development launched the TCO Certification affairs to advance low alluring and electrical emissions from CRT-based computer displays; this affairs was afterwards broadcast to cover belief on activity consumption, ergonomics, and the use of chancy abstracts in construction.2
edit Regulations and industry initiatives
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has appear a analysis of over 90 government and industry initiatives on "Green ICTs", i.e. advice and advice technologies, the ambiance and altitude change. The address concludes that initiatives tend to apply on the greening ICTs themselves rather than on their complete accomplishing to accouterment all-around abating and ecology degradation. In general, alone 20% of initiatives accept assessable targets, with government programs disposed to cover targets added frequently than business associations.3
edit Government
Many authoritative agencies accept connected to apparatus standards and regulations that animate blooming computing. The Activity Star affairs was revised in October 2006 to cover stricter ability requirements for computer equipment, forth with a tiered baronial arrangement for accustomed products.45
Some efforts abode albatross on the architect to actuate of the accessories themselves afterwards it is no best needed; this is alleged the continued ambassador albatross model. The European Union's directives 2002/95/EC (Restriction of Chancy Substances Directive), on the abridgement of chancy substances, and 2002/96/EC (Waste Electrical and Cyberbanking Accessories Directive) on decay electrical and cyberbanking accessories appropriate the barter of abundant metals and blaze retardants like Polybrominated biphenyl and Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in all cyberbanking accessories put on the bazaar starting on July 1, 2006. The directives placed albatross on manufacturers for the acquisition and recycling of old equipment.6
There are currently 26 US states that accept accustomed state-wide recycling programs for anachronistic computers and customer electronics equipment.7 The statutes either appoint an "advance accretion fee" for anniversary assemblage awash at retail or crave the manufacturers to accost the accessories at disposal.
In 2010, the American Accretion and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) was alive into legislation by President Obama. The bill allocated over $90 billion to be invested in blooming initiatives (renewable energy, acute grids, activity efficiency, etc.) In January 2010, the U.S. Activity Department accepted $47 actor of the ARRA money appear projects that aim to advance the activity ability of abstracts centers. The projects will accommodate analysis on the afterward three areas: optimize abstracts centermost accouterments and software, advance ability accumulation chain, and abstracts centermost cooling technologies.8
edit Industry
Altitude Savers Accretion Initiative (CSCI) is an accomplishment to abate the electric ability burning of PCs in alive and abeyant states.9 The CSCI provides a archive of blooming articles from its affiliate organizations, and advice for abbreviation PC ability consumption. It was started on 2007-06-12. The name stems from the World Wildlife Fund's Altitude Savers program, which was launched in 1999.10 The WWF is aswell a affiliate of the Accretion Initiative.9
The Blooming Electronics Council offers the Cyberbanking Product Ecology Assessment Tool (EPEAT) to abetment in the acquirement of "greener" accretion systems. The Council evaluates accretion accessories on 51 belief - 23 appropriate and 28 alternative - that admeasurement a product's ability and sustainability attributes. Articles are rated Gold, Silver, or Bronze, depending on how abounding alternative belief they meet. On 2007-01-24, President George W. Bush issued Executive Order 13423, which requires all United States Federal agencies to use EPEAT if purchasing computer systems.1112
The Blooming Grid is a all-around bunch committed to advancing activity ability in abstracts centers and business accretion ecosystems. It was founded in February 2007 by several key companies in the industry – AMD, APC, Dell, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Rackable Systems, SprayCool, Sun Microsystems and VMware. The Blooming Grid has back developed to hundreds of members, including end-users and government organizations, all focused on convalescent abstracts centermost basement ability (DCIE).
The Green500 account ante supercomputers by activity ability (megaflops/watt, auspicious a focus on ability rather than complete performance.
Blooming Comm Challenge is an alignment that promotes the development of activity attention technology and practices in the acreage of Advice and Communications Technology (ICT).
The Transaction Processing Achievement Council(TPC) Activity blueprint augments the absolute TPC benchmarks by acceptance for alternative publications of activity metrics alongside their achievement results.13
The SPEC Ability is the aboriginal industry accepted criterion that measures ability burning in affiliation to achievement for server-class computers.
edit Regulations and industry initiatives
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has appear a analysis of over 90 government and industry initiatives on "Green ICTs", i.e. advice and advice technologies, the ambiance and altitude change. The address concludes that initiatives tend to apply on the greening ICTs themselves rather than on their complete accomplishing to accouterment all-around abating and ecology degradation. In general, alone 20% of initiatives accept assessable targets, with government programs disposed to cover targets added frequently than business associations.3
edit Government
Many authoritative agencies accept connected to apparatus standards and regulations that animate blooming computing. The Activity Star affairs was revised in October 2006 to cover stricter ability requirements for computer equipment, forth with a tiered baronial arrangement for accustomed products.45
Some efforts abode albatross on the architect to actuate of the accessories themselves afterwards it is no best needed; this is alleged the continued ambassador albatross model. The European Union's directives 2002/95/EC (Restriction of Chancy Substances Directive), on the abridgement of chancy substances, and 2002/96/EC (Waste Electrical and Cyberbanking Accessories Directive) on decay electrical and cyberbanking accessories appropriate the barter of abundant metals and blaze retardants like Polybrominated biphenyl and Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in all cyberbanking accessories put on the bazaar starting on July 1, 2006. The directives placed albatross on manufacturers for the acquisition and recycling of old equipment.6
There are currently 26 US states that accept accustomed state-wide recycling programs for anachronistic computers and customer electronics equipment.7 The statutes either appoint an "advance accretion fee" for anniversary assemblage awash at retail or crave the manufacturers to accost the accessories at disposal.
In 2010, the American Accretion and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) was alive into legislation by President Obama. The bill allocated over $90 billion to be invested in blooming initiatives (renewable energy, acute grids, activity efficiency, etc.) In January 2010, the U.S. Activity Department accepted $47 actor of the ARRA money appear projects that aim to advance the activity ability of abstracts centers. The projects will accommodate analysis on the afterward three areas: optimize abstracts centermost accouterments and software, advance ability accumulation chain, and abstracts centermost cooling technologies.8
edit Industry
Altitude Savers Accretion Initiative (CSCI) is an accomplishment to abate the electric ability burning of PCs in alive and abeyant states.9 The CSCI provides a archive of blooming articles from its affiliate organizations, and advice for abbreviation PC ability consumption. It was started on 2007-06-12. The name stems from the World Wildlife Fund's Altitude Savers program, which was launched in 1999.10 The WWF is aswell a affiliate of the Accretion Initiative.9
The Blooming Electronics Council offers the Cyberbanking Product Ecology Assessment Tool (EPEAT) to abetment in the acquirement of "greener" accretion systems. The Council evaluates accretion accessories on 51 belief - 23 appropriate and 28 alternative - that admeasurement a product's ability and sustainability attributes. Articles are rated Gold, Silver, or Bronze, depending on how abounding alternative belief they meet. On 2007-01-24, President George W. Bush issued Executive Order 13423, which requires all United States Federal agencies to use EPEAT if purchasing computer systems.1112
The Blooming Grid is a all-around bunch committed to advancing activity ability in abstracts centers and business accretion ecosystems. It was founded in February 2007 by several key companies in the industry – AMD, APC, Dell, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Rackable Systems, SprayCool, Sun Microsystems and VMware. The Blooming Grid has back developed to hundreds of members, including end-users and government organizations, all focused on convalescent abstracts centermost basement ability (DCIE).
The Green500 account ante supercomputers by activity ability (megaflops/watt, auspicious a focus on ability rather than complete performance.
Blooming Comm Challenge is an alignment that promotes the development of activity attention technology and practices in the acreage of Advice and Communications Technology (ICT).
The Transaction Processing Achievement Council(TPC) Activity blueprint augments the absolute TPC benchmarks by acceptance for alternative publications of activity metrics alongside their achievement results.13
The SPEC Ability is the aboriginal industry accepted criterion that measures ability burning in affiliation to achievement for server-class computers.
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